Forest Walk 2. PART 6 Wet weather fire lighting & other stuff. DVD.

Forest Walk 2. PART 4 Wet weather fire lighting & other stuff. DVD.

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Forest Walk 2. PART 2 Wet weather fire lighting & other stuff. DVD.

Forest Walk 2. PART 1 Wet weather fire lighting & other stuff. DVD.wmv

Retreat Security: I Am Your Worst Nightmare by Jeff T.

SURVIVAL PLANS.

This survival scenario is wide spread over the net on various survival sites & blogs. Where it originated I can not say, but Mr Jeff T. has obviously put a lot of thought into this article. I would like to thank the author Mr Jeff T. for allowing this article to be used in the public domain.
Keith.

Retreat Security: I Am Your Worst Nightmare
by Jeff T.

I am the leader of a band of 8-to-12 looters. I have some basic military training. We move from place to place like locusts devouring everything in our path. My group is armed with light weapons and can develop and follow simple plans of attack. We take what we want by force of arms. We prefer none of our victims survive because that could cause problems for us in the future.

It has been six months since the grid went down. You and the other five members of your party have settled into what may be a long grinding existence. The every day tasks of growing and gathering have now become routine. The news from the outside is extremely limited but you don’t really miss it much. Life is simple but physically demanding.

Although things may seem stable you will need to keep your team focused and alert. This is your first and most important layer of defence. You should hold an immediate reaction drill once per week. Keep things simple. Practice a specific response to such threats as injury, fire, attack and evacuation. Despite the challenges you must maintain contact with those around you such as neighbours for vital clues that trouble is brewing. Regular monitoring the radio will be critical in providing an early warning of trouble. You may be able to safely interview refugees without risking your party. Keep in mind the information you get from them may not always be reliable.

While you have been farming I have been learning the best tactics to employ to seize your property and your goods. I have been refining them since we hit the road right after the lights went out. I have conducted eight “hits” so far and have been successful seven times. Here are some of my “lessons learned”.

Intelligence gathering and target selection is critical to my success. Targets include those who have large quantities of fuel, food and other valuable supplies. My posse is constantly questioning anyone and everyone we contact searching for our next victim. Anyone who has ever had knowledge, even second hand, of your preparations is someone of interest to me. I may approach them directly or indirectly. If anyone knows something I will find out about it. Who seems well-fed? Who still has transportation? Who has lights? Who was prepared? Where are they exactly? Somebody talks, either in person or on the radio. They always do.

We search for victims night and day. During the day we are listening for the sounds of machinery, cars, tractors, gunfire or generators. Day or night without a lot of wind those sounds can carry for miles. At night I look for any sort of light. Even a small flash indicates somebody with electricity and that means a rich target. I always have somebody listening to the scanner for any news, leads or insecure chatter.

Operational Security is an important concept for your entire group to understand and maintain. If somebody outside your circle doesn’t have a real need to know about your plans, preparations or procedures then they shouldn’t know period. Develop a cover story and live it like was a bulletproof vest. It is no less important to your protection and survival. During an event you need to blend in with the surrounding environment. Carefully observe noise (such as generators and other engines) and light discipline especially at night. If you need to test fire weapons do it in one sequence to avoid a prolonged noise signature.

Once I find and target you reconnaissance of your retreat is my next step. Only a fool would try to rush in and try to overwhelm a group of “survivalists”. We had a bad experience with that during our second hit. Now we spend at least a day or two trying to size up a large opportunity and the best way to take it down. I will observe retreat activity from a nearby-concealed position. I will get an idea of your numbers, weapons, routines and so much more by careful surreptitious observation. If your group seems alert, I will try and trigger a false alarm with a dog or child to watch your reaction to a threat. That helps me know how you respond, where you are strong and how to attack. I may also obtain a topographical map of the area to identify likely avenues of approach and potential escape routes you will try to use. I may coerce your neighbours into uncovering a weak spot or access point or other important intelligence. I also have a Bearcat handheld scanner. I will be listening for any insecure chatter from your radios.

Regular patrols at irregular intervals focused on likely observation points and avenues of approach could keep me at bay. You could put down sand or other soft soil in key choke points as a way of “recording” if anyone has recently travelled through the land. Dogs, with their advanced sense of hearing and smell are able to detect and alert you to intruders well in advance of any human. Motion sensing IR video cameras as a part of a security plan could play a part in your layered defence as long as you have power. A 24 hour manned observation point equipped with high quality optical tools is a must. It should be fortified and if possible concealed. It should have a weapon capable of reaching to the edges of your vision. Seismic intrusion devices, night vision and thermal imaging are phenomenal force multiplying tools. They can give you critical intelligence and warning. You should use them if you have them. Understand they are not fool proof and I can often neutralize them if I know you have them.

These tools and techniques provide you reaction time. Time to plan your response and time to execute that plan. Recognize that a “defender” is always at a disadvantage. By definition a defender will be reacting to my attack. Modern warfare has emphasized the ability of the attacker to operate faster than opponents can react. This can be explained by the OODA loop. Below are the four steps of the classic OODA loop. These are the steps a defender goes through when under attack.

1. Observing or noticing the attack.
2. Orient to the direction, method and type of attack.
3. Deciding what the appropriate response will be.
4. Acting on that decision.

As an attacker I will try and operate at a pace faster than you as a defender can adjust to. I will change my direction, pace, timing and method to force you to continue to process through the OODA loop. This creates confusion and wastes your precious reaction time. As a defender you will need to disrupt or reset your attackers timing with a counter-attack. When you are successful you become the attacker. Your defensive plans should utilize and exploit this concept. Here are a few scenarios:

1. Snipe & Siege

I will begin the attack when I can engage at least half of your party’s military age personnel in one coordinated effort. I will infiltrate my team into concealed positions around your retreat within 50 to 75 yards. I will target any identified leadership with the first volley. Two thirds of my people will be engaging personnel. The other group will target communications antennas, surveillance cameras and any visible lighting assets. I want your group unable to see, communicate or call for help. The members of my band will each fire two magazines in the initial exchange. Two thirds of my group will change to new concealed positions and wait. One third will fall back into an ambush of the most likely avenue of escape. We will stay concealed and wait until you come out to attend to your wounded and dead. We repeat the attack as necessary until any resistance is crushed.

Ensure you adjust the landscape around your retreat so that I don’t have anyplace offering cover or concealment within 100 yards of your residence. You can create decorative masonry walls that can be used to offer cover for personnel close to your residence. Fighting positions can be built now and used as raised planting beds and then excavated for use in the future. These can be extended or reinforced after any significant event. These structures or other measures such as trenching must be sited carefully to avoid allowing them to be used effectively by an attacker if they are overrun.

2. Trojan Horse

For one hit we used an old UPS truck. We forced a refugee to drive it to the retreat gate. We concealed half our group inside the truck. The truck was hardened on the inside with some sandbags around the edges. The other half of our group formed an ambush concealed inside the tree line along the driveway. We killed the driver to make it look good and had one person run away. Those preppers almost waited us out. After nearly three hours they all walked slowly down the driveway. They were bunched up in a group intent on checking out the truck and driver. It was like shooting fish in a barrel.

They could have worked together as group to sweep the area 360 degrees around the truck and they would have surely found us. A dog would have also alerted the residents to our presence. They could have taken measures to eliminate the vegetation offering us concealment on the road near the gate. They could have used CS gas or something similar to “deny” any suspicious areas. Lastly they could have done a “reconnaissance by fire”. Shooting into likely hiding spots, including the truck, trying to evoke a response. They should have established an over watch position with the majority of their group. This over watch group would have provided visual security and an immediate response if there were an attack. They were not expecting any additional threats. They didn’t consider that there might be additional danger lurking nearby aside from the truck and they died.

3. Kidnap & Surrender

A few weeks ago we surprised and captured a couple of women out tending a garden. It was totally by chance. We were travelling through a very rural area on our way to another town when somebody heard a tractor backfire. We immediately stopped and I sent a small team to recon the noise. They bumped into a small party tending a field at the edge of their retreat. They seized two women and immediately dragged them back to our vehicles. We began negotiations by sending a finger from each one back to the retreat under a white flag. The rest was easy.

This didn’t need to happen. Better noise discipline would have kept us from discovering their retreat. Some simple boundary fencing or tangle foot could have delayed us. The women should have been armed and aware of such a threat. If they had established an over watch for the garden they could have engaged us before we took our hostages or at least alerted the others that there was a problem. They also could have had a quick reaction SOP developed prior to this incident. That Quick Reaction (QR) force could have followed the kidnappers back to our vehicles and set up an ambush of their own. Rural retreat security is a full time job. If you snooze you may lose everything.

4. Fire and Manoeuvre.

I don’t like this option but sometimes the prize is just too tempting. We typically infiltrate quietly at night to prearranged start points. We begin our attack just before dawn when your senses are dulled by a long night watch or from sleep. Based on our reconnaissance we divided your retreat into positions or zones that need specific attention. We prepare for battle by using an air rifle to target any lights or cameras. Our first priority is to engage any LP/OP site and destroy or degrade them as much as possible. I split my forces into two supporting groups. One group keeps the target position under constant fire. The other group also fires and manoeuvres’, closing on the target and destroying it with gunfire or improvised weapons. Many times these positions only have one occupant and the task is relatively easy. Often these positions are easy to spot and are too far from each other to provide any effective mutual support. We will work from one position to the next. In the darkness and confusion most of the defenders are disoriented and ineffective. They fall like dominos. We have also used motorcycles to negotiate obstacles and speed through cuts in the perimeter fence. Then throw Molotov Cocktails into any defensive position as they roar past. If you fall back into your residence we will set up a siege. If we can manoeuvre close enough, perhaps by using a distraction, we will pump concentrated insecticide into your building or we may introduce LP gas from a portable tank into the house and ignite it with tracer fire.

If there was enough warning time from your OP you could execute a pre-planned response. Your planned response should be simple, easy to understand and execute. Half your group occupies your fighting positions, two to a position. The rest of your party establishes an over watch and concentrate its fire at the enemies trying to fix your positions. If you had more than enough prepared positions the enemy might not know where to attack. It would also provide more flexibility in your defence based on the direction of attack. I would use Night Vision if available or illumination from flares or lights as a last resort. Rats hate light.

Usually people keep main access points blocked from high-speed approach. Likely avenues of approach should also be blocked or choked and kept under observation. Remember though what keeps me out keeps you in. Typically the common techniques of parking vehicles in roadways will only delay my approach not stop it altogether. An ordinary 12-gauge shotgun, shooting slugs, can stop most types of non-military vehicles at close range.

Don’t forget the threat of fire or other non-traditional weapons in your defensive plans.

You could create the illusion of a “dead end” for your main access road by positioning a burned out trailer home or a couple of burned out cars at the false “end” of the road. Concealing the fact that the road actually continues to your residence.

Lastly, develop a plan to evacuate and evade capture. When faced with a significantly superior force it may be the only viable option. This should include simple, reliable communications or signals such as three blasts on a dog whistle. Your fighting positions and barriers need to be constructed to allow coordinated withdrawal in an emergency. You should establish a rally point and time limit to assemble. I believe this should be a priority in your practice drills. During a real emergency you may be able to rally, rearm and plan your own version of the “snipe and siege” to retake your retreat.

Key messages:
Your rural retreat defence can be visualized as a set of concentric rings:

Location – Location – Location: High and remote are best
OPSEC – Think of it as a form of armour or shield: Practice it and protect it.
Observation Post / Listening Post: Your first best chance to counter attack
Gates / Fences / other barriers: May slow me down. Might keep you in.
Fighting positions: Must provide mutual support and allow for evacuation.
Residence: Last line. Don’t become trapped
People, Planning and Practice

Remember:

An aggressive and unexpected counter strike can win the battle.
Stay alert for multiple threats or diversionary tactics.
Criminals excel at feigning weakness to lower your guard.

Don’t underestimate me.

Australian Firearms Legislation & Government Corruption.

Article by Ron Owen of Owen Guns Australia.

Bad News Sometimes has a Silver Lining.

Sixteen years ago, in the year 2000. I, like thousands of other law abiding shooters (who are aware) was horrified that all licenced shooters details were to be included in the new Crimtrac data base run by the Federal Government. To be listed with Criminals, known Paedophiles, Sex offenders, Drug addicts and dealers was degrading. Listed, so it was available to the largest criminal organisation in the country, one that is under constant investigation, in every state for corruption and criminal intent, the Police. Controlled by an organisation with the average integrity lower than sewer rats, who would sell their parents and children into slavery for a moments glory on the television, the Government. This to me, was the final plunge into the putrid mire of Communism, Fascism, all are forms of Socialism pressed on us by the most evil means of Fabianism.

As to Crimtracs purpose, if we believed the worst of our politicians they would be guilty of treason and corruption, spying on their own good citizens. If we believed that this was not the case, that their intentions were good, then that would prove that they were imbecilic and need guidance to cross the street.

From the Crimtrac Annual Report 2014–2015 https://www.crimtrac.gov.au/sites/g/files/net526/f/CrimtracAnnualReport2015_8.pdf?v=1446084987  the cost this Orwellian nightmare is enormous.

To spend 74 million per year for 16 years, plus the NATIONAL FIREARMS INTERFACE (NFI) Budget $4.289 million, and the AUSTRALIAN BALLISTIC INFORMATION NETWORK Budget $5.594 million, besides every State Police Firearm Department in Australia is spending multi -millions to duplicate their own records from law abiding citizens spreading their personal details to the criminal corrupt police forces of the world.

Ultimately, it is the licenced shooters, the innocents, who for doing No wrong have all this money extorted from them on the false pretext of public safety. With a cost that would run into many billions of dollars during the last 16 years what good has come from it, has it saved a life, caught a criminal? Last years Crimtrac Annual Report 2014-15 reports that since its inception sixteen years ago their 207 public servants have recorded 16,000 unique firearm templates ( different sorts of firearms) 42,266, cartridge cases, a total of 56,485 identifying pieces of information and have matched up this information with 76 crime scenes in Australia. The Western Australia Police achieved the sixth hit on the national ABIN system.

“In December 2012, police executed a search warrant locating a .45 calibre self-loading pistol. The gun was test fired and the ballistic information entered into the ABIN. A search of the database identified a link to a drive by shooting in the Western suburbs of Sydney in May 2012.New South Wales Police subsequently confirmed this link. Further investigations revealed the recovered handgun was subject to international tracing (serial number) and had been imported into Australia illegally from the USA.”

Do we have 6 convictions of Criminals for all of these billions of dollars, No. I am sure that if there was just one conviction the Annual Report would have mentioned it.

Nicole Rose is now the CEO of CrimTrac, she was the Director of the Office of the NSW Police Commissioner where she was instrumental in the establishment and operation of the NSW Innocence Panel. In 2013, Ms Rose was awarded the Public Service Medal for services to policing. Her 2IC is Mr Walton was appointed CIO in January 2013 and he has more than 30 years’ experience working in government in both Australia and the United Kingdom. They say in there report,
“It will enable police to share data on guns used in crimes, and provides a quick way to match firearm information against a national dataset. This will significantly affect the way Australian police agencies investigate gun-related crime, by linking ballistic evidence from crimes involving firearms both locally and nationally. This will also provide a national picture of criminal use of firearms in Australia, enhancing the capability of Australian police to investigate firearm-related crime and target violent offenders in our community. Our firearms solutions are valuable tools for police to solve firearm-related crime and to prevent gun crime in Australia. Will support police in addressing violent gun-crime.”

What nonsense, when they waste all that time and money tracking people good enough to volunteer information and cannot track the unlicensed and un registered criminals. When in 16 years and after billions of dollars they have a match with six firearms. No record of convictions or a report of their information being the cause of one conviction.

Mad As Alice in the Looking Glass. Truth Only By Accident.
Where is the accountability in this? There is transparency its easy to see through the verbal manure of self justification and gratification for no real result, bar one.
‘Blind Freddy’ can understand the futile waste of recording all the details of the most law abiding part of our community. Only those as ‘Mad as a Hatter’ would believe that those with criminal intent would record any information. So why spend all that money and impose all those costs on us? Are they ‘Mad’, or is it really “People Control” not Gun Control?
Yet, in this report there is some truth, a small grain that should make every shooter in Australia celebrate. It forecasts the winning of our war for firearm freedom. On page 29 it reports that in 2015 there was 1.9 million licenced shooters in Australia and 5 million firearms.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Combine the above information with I suspect the more accurate picture from Inspector Craig Rolls Manager Weapons licencing, QPS. In March this year he stated

“This figure represents a significant concern for Weapons Licensing as we are receiving approximately 350 applications a week, a 50% increase in the last 3 years and cannot continue to effectively process applications with this percentage, or a similar high percentage”

Note, he states a 50% increase in licence applications not 27 %.

Why does he say that this is a “significant concern” well that equated to 18,200 applications per year and when it increases at 50% per year in five years time that is an extra 90,000 applications per year.

This year in Australia we will have at least 2 million licensed shooters that is 10 % of the population, is there 2 million people who play football?  Unlikely, there might be one other group fishermen that could be a larger self interested party, but they do not have to put up with all the impositions and hoops to jump over that firearm owners do. To have a shooters licence we have to be voting age or close to it we should be the most motivated section of our community as we have had to suffer the most from government bureaucracy.

Inspector Craig Rolls was making the warning as shortly we shooters will not be the minority, we will NOT  be the political football that they can kick, whenever they want to serve out more in -justice on us, to make it look like they are doing some ‘feel good’ legislation.

Now, for the first time Shooters can make or break any other political force in this country, that was why our Prime Turncoat put legislation through parliament to disenfranchise smaller parties, but that now could backfire on him. Years ago shooters were in the wilderness, then we discovered the internet and facebook now we have the numbers and the means to communicate with them all.

Powerful Political Force.
The largest “Nosy Parker” in Australia has achieved one single good thing, it has officially told us that we are now a powerful force. All we have to do is to let each and all of us know that we have that force. Now with the internet we can even improve it, if each one of us encouraged and succeeded to help a family member or friend to get a shooters licence, we would not have 2 million licenced shooters in Australia we would have 4 million. Well I never thought I would be encouraging shooters licences, I don’t think they serve any useful purpose, but now there is a newfangled point to it all. It unites us in the largest club in this country, expensive and inconvenient, but a means to end the tyranny that we have suffered for the last twenty years.

We have to wake up the ‘Sleep Walkers’.

The ten thousand subscribers to this bulletin have to spread the message on all mechanisms, we must recruit more militant shooters, people who are willing to sign a petition, write to the ‘letter to the editor’ post on facebook, create websites, send out to email lists and force the politicians to openly accept that we are a political force to be reckoned with. We must point out that before they make a law, that imposes great difficulty to millions of good people that they should prove that it works, to state that ridiculous one liner “If it saves one life, its worth it” should provoke everyone’s immediate responses. So well why not ‘ban prescription medicine’, as logically medicine saves lives, even though mistakes in prescriptions kills thousands besides the over usage. Guns are tools of Human creation, like medicine, or any other product humans can manufacture , they can be used for good, or evil.

If Guns did not Save Lives, Policemen would not wear them at the hip?

Our Government has been allowed to create two separate classes of people, one being the elite Government employee’s who can carry firearms, who can use them to guard the lives and families of government politicians and other employees, and those untrusted citizens, whom the elite refer to as the ‘great unwashed’, whose only role is to work, pay tax and vote for Tweedle dee, or Tweedle Dumber. We cannot Discriminate, we can be prosecuted by the state for just thinking that you have an opinion, you don’t actually even have to express it, yet the Elite, the Police Ministers, the police, and other government employees all exempt from the Weapons Act can thrive, while we are not allowed to even defend ourselves with a spoon full of pepper.

Governance Believe They Are Gods and We Are Sheep.
As with the United States if you prove that more homicides are committed by black people, it would be more logical to address that problem on a racial basis rather than to ignore it. When they blame a tool that by itself has no cause, if there is a problem it will continue un abated. Allowing the politicians to return to it again and again, to fuel their real agenda, People control. When causes are identified like Race or  Economics that cannot be discussed, it would not be ‘Politically Correct” they know that high unemployment areas have higher armed crime rates and homicide rates, logically we should address that problem in that area instead of imposing legislation on un related items in all unaffected areas?
Soon Politicians will come to the realization that our 10% of un happy licenced shooters can keep them out of government, or put them into government, their next tactic will be to try and split licenced shooters into categories backing some against others, but before that happens we can form new parties and destroy old ones. Please never forget  Mr. Wendell Phillips said, “Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty; power is ever stealing from the many to the few. The manna of popular liberty must be gathered each day or it is rotten. The living sap of today outgrows the dead rind of yesterday. The hand entrusted with power becomes, either form human depravity or esprit de corps, the necessary enemy of the people. Only by continued oversight can the democrat in office be prevented from hardening into a despot; only by unintermitted agitation can a people be sufficiently awake to principle not to let liberty be smothered in material prosperity.”

Ron

http://www.owenguns.com/ad-category/used-guns/

Unfortunately not all Australian gun owners will back other Australian gun owners, this has been proven already. Australian gun owners do not appear to be a special group, they are just like all other Australian citizens. Some care, some don't, so banking on gun owners EVER being a majority when it comes to voting is a big mistake. Sad isn't it.
Keith.

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Flint & Steel Fire Lighting-A Sustainable Method.

A selection of different fire steels & siliceous rocks.

Flint & Steel Fire Lighting-A Sustainable Method.

Flint, steel & tinderbox fire lighting is a sustainable method of making fire. Learning about flint & steel fire lighting (NOT the Ferocerium Rod!) will also teach you about the use of plant tinders, the types of plant tinders in your area, & how & where to find dry kindling in wet weather. This information is also useful in case you have to make fire with a fire-bow. Modern fire lighting methods rarely teach you any primitive skills, & they are not sustainable.

Plant tinders often need charring in order for them to catch a spark. Even those tinders that do not require charring usually perform better when charred. Plant tinders are charred directly in the fire, then they are placed in the tinderbox & the lid closed to extinguish the embers. Once this is done then the tinder is ready for use.

Sparks are struck from the steel using a sharp edged piece of siliceous rock; this rock can be flint, agate, chert, quartz or whatever type is available in your area. The easiest way to find suitable rock is to carry your steel with you on walks & simply try any rocks you find along the way. Some rocks perform better than others, but there are an amazing number of rocks that will work to some degree.

The author's tinderbox showing plant tinder contents & a musket flint.

The author's original 18th century fire steel which he secures to the buckle closure on his belt bag with a leather tie so it will not get lost.

This is a greased leather fire bag which contains the author's tinderbox. The top rolls down making it waterproof.

Spare charred plant tinder is carried in one of the author's gunpowder bags when it is empty.

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Misinformation, Pride, & Jealousy. The bane of forums.

Forums are good for sharing & learning, but unfortunately it is my experience that on nearly every forum there are people that for one reason or another make participating on the forum an unpleasant experience. In my experience there are three types of person which should not be allowed on a forum, 1) those that spread misinformation. These people have very little real experience in the field that the forum represents, yet they want people to think that they are very knowledgeable, so they make lots of posts which are mostly bullshit & misinformation. This not only poses a danger for newbies who are trying to learn the ropes, but it can also cause beginners to spend money on items that are not of any real use.

2) Prideful people who think they know more than they really do & are not prepared to admit they are wrong. These people will never learn anything new, because they hate being wrong to the extent that they will defend themselves by totally discounting any new information that contradicts their own beliefs. What is worse is that they will try to prove you wrong & make out that you don’t know what you are talking about. Whilst these types of people are pretty harmless, they can be annoying & stressful & are best avoided.

 3) Jealous people; these people think they know it all & will never listen to reason. If they come across a post that indicates that their own beliefs are wrong, then they will discount the information & post comments that are rude & often spiteful. They hate to think that anyone should know more than they do. Like the prideful person these people will never admit to learning anything new, especially if it contradicts their own beliefs.

What To Do.

There is no point trying to help these people, to try & educate them is a futile & stressful experience. The best thing you can do is go to your control panel on the forum & list these people on your “Ignore” list. In this way you will no longer see their posts or their replies to your posts.

Others that will not learn.

These are people who are totally harmless to others but do pose a threat to themselves. They are not really into the finer points of what the forum is all about, but they do find participation fun. They purchase gear that is not suitable & not sustainable & having purchased this equipment they are not about to admit that they have made a mistake. Again, they will defend their choices & beliefs by discounting any other advice or recommendations. You can simply ignore these people or you can add them to your “Ignore” list. These people rarely cause any problem on a forum, & are not usually the sort of people to pursue an argument or try & put anyone down, but occasionally some of them will!

Best of luck on your forums.
Incidentally, the ONLY forum I have come across to date that does not suffer this problem is one that I started & run myself. I have to date NEVER had to reprimand someone or cancel their membership. They are the best people I have ever come across & I am proud to have them all on my forum. This forum is an 18^th century Living History forum & you can find it here:

http://eighteenthcenturylivinghistory.freeforums.org/

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